Overview: Although the concept of test method validation is based on good science, the expectation that test methods in the pharmaceutical industry be validated was established by the USP in the 1980s ...

Engineers have long used thermal-cycle testing determine the reliability of PWBs (printed wire boards). Traditionally, engineers have used thermal-cycling ovens, liquid to liquid and fluidized sand, ...

The vulnerability of PERC modules to LID and LeTID is well known and among the reasons the industry is moving towards N-type technology, which tends to be less affected by the two phenomena. TUV Nord ...

The authors describe the development and validation of a highly sensitive point-of-use pressure decay test. Single-use technologies have transformed biopharmaceutical manufacturing by providing ...

Environmentally friendly is a term rapidly invading the electronics industry. The electronic industry will be facing great challenges over the next few years as the solder used in electronic products ...