The ribosome, that protein-making machine, relies on other, smaller machines. For example, it works in concert with a mechanism that supplies amino-acid-carrying tRNAs, including tRNAs that require ...

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are ubiquitous enzymes that provide the critical link between the genetic code and protein biosynthesis. By precisely catalysing the attachment of amino acids to ...

Archaeosine is synthesized via three steps in tRNA. ArcS, the second-step enzyme, transfers a lysine to preQ 0, which is introduced into tRNA by ArcTGT, the first-step enzyme. The resultant preQ 0-Lys ...

The ribosome serves as the essential molecular machine that translates genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA) into functional proteins. Comprised of two distinct subunits, the ribosome ...

Transcription and translation are processes a cell uses to make all proteins the body needs to function from information stored in the sequence of bases in DNA. The four bases (C, A, T/U, and G in the ...

Gene editing can repair mutations that prematurely halt protein synthesis, resulting in incomplete peptides that cause various diseases. However, other approaches achieve the same effect without ...

Researchers say discoveries could expand the CRISPR toolbox and lead to more efficient, rapid diagnostic tools for detecting COVID-19, influenza, and RSV.

During protein synthesis, the genetic information stored in DNA is first transcribed into mRNA. The mRNA then travels to the ribosome, where translation occurs. Here's how anticodons facilitate the ...