Building on last month’s discussion of resistor noise, let’s check out some basics of amplifier noise. The non-inverting op amp configuration is most common for low noise applications so we’ll make ...

Operational amplifiers (commonly called op amps) are a ubiquitous building block for designing electronic circuits. Today, these devices are fabricated as small integrated circuits, but the concept ...

In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...

This file type includes high-resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. Most data-acquisition systems with wide dynamic range need a method of adjusting the input-signal level to the ...

Zero-drift amplifiers dynamically correct their offset voltage and reshape noise density. Two commonly used types—auto-zero amplifiers and choppers—achieve nanovolt-level offsets and extremely low ...