Thermographic Particle Image Velocimetry (TPIV) and associated temperature measurement methods have evolved into powerful tools for simultaneously capturing the dynamic interplay between flow velocity ...

Figure 1. Schematic diagrams of CF-LITES and CF-H-LITES detection system. (a) The detailed diagram of the QTF. (b) The figure of the self-designed T-shaped QTF. Σ: adder; TA: trans-impedance amplifier ...

Temperature is the most widely measured variable in the process industries, and it is often a critical factor in industrial processing. If a temperature measurement is not accurate or reliable, it can ...

The distal tip of the esophageal temperature probe (encircled in yellow) should be placed in the lower third of the esophagus. Given the anatomical proximity of the lower esophagus and the left atrium ...

Temperature sensing plays a pivotal role in controlling and monitoring industrial, chemical, and biomedical systems. There are some complex internal space structures such as porous and zigzag in ...